The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. The term "gotra" refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. Answer (1 of 5): Bhandari is the titled surname given to those who were treasurer or store keepers in Nepal. [2] With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a Hindu monarchy, was a Hindu nation which has now become a secular state. Maharani Lalita Tripurasundari (nee Thapa). Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later . When we look back to history, caste divides people into social groups based on their wealth, occupation, rank and race. Surname > Caste/Community/Ethnicity > Clan/Sub-caste/Gotra 1. The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. However, a lot still do. . In terms of ethnicity/caste, 48.4% were Chhetri, 11.5% Kami, 11.4% Hill Brahmin, 7.3% Damai/Dholi, . We even met the owners of a butcher shop which is the domain of the lower caste declare belonging to a brahmana caste. Lixoti If these major three communities (upper-caste Khas (Bahun & Chhetri) and upper-caste Newars (Shresthas) or the 'BCN' combine their shares in the Government of Nepal, civil service employment is 89.2% in 1991. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [7] They make up 16.6% of Nepal's population according to the 2011 Nepal census, making them the most populous caste or ethnic community in Nepal. The costumes of the community become costumes of folk dancers and folk dance has been practiced in our . Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. They service the cutting and sale of chicken and goat meat, but they will not touch beef or buffalo meat, which they consider unclean. Few Kshetri clans give male buffalo sacrifices on Maha Ashtami day. Brahmin Gotra and Caste List. Many of the modern surnames in the dictionary can be traced back to Britain and Ireland. February 7, 2022. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Values for %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical (which determine unreached status) are often informed estimates, some more accurate than others. Khas Chhetris were traditionally considered a division of the Khas people with Khas Brahmin (commonly called Khas Bahun). Thus, the highest military rank (Chief of Army Staff previously Commander-in-Chief) is completely monopolized by Chhetri caste.they also recruit in british army in large numbers, chhetri/thakuris dominant 40% of total nepal army strength , and they have reserved regiment the 9 gorkha rifles in indian army. [33] But they are allowed reservation in federal parliament and provincial legislature. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. Deepening Democracy: International Labour Organisation Convention 169 and Nepal's Democratic Transition, Nepal: Towards a Democratic Republic: Caste, Ethnicity and Inequality in Nepal, Material from this site has been borrowed for this article with the permission of Dr. Vepachedu, Interview with Ian Martin: Caste-Based Discrimination in Nepal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caste_system_in_Nepal&oldid=1114280098, Manandhar/Syami/Teli (oil-pressers and brewers), Pahari/Nagarkoti (farmers from outskirts), Khadgi, Naye, Kasai (butchers and musicians), Dyala, Pod, Chymaha/Chamhr (sweepers, fishermen), "Namasinya Matwali" (Non-enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), Newar - Hindu Panchthariya Srsthas and Buddhists Gubhaju/Bar (, "Masinya Matwali" (Enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Naparne" (Water-unacceptable but touchable), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Parne" (Water-unacceptable and untouchable), Nancy E. Levine. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. He cursed Yama with mortality. [2][3] Hill-Kshetri, Kshetri, Chhetri, Pahadi Chhetri and Khas Kshetri are all used to denote this caste. Danmeeshwarbhavashcha Kshatram Karma Swabhvajam. Another revered Rishi in Hindu mythology is Vatsa after whom Vatsa gotra emerged. People on the Indian Uttarakhand side claimed the Rajput caste while the same Khas people in Farwest and rest of Nepal claimed Chhetri caste. [23] In terms of education, 88.0% of Khas Brahmins & Chhetris, and Newars have access to school, 12.0% have never been to school. Houses are usually made of mud-brick with thatch or tin roofs. In 2001 the CBS recorded only nine groups in the caste-origin Hill Hindu groups. [14] Bir Bhadra Thapa was a Thapa of Chhetri group[15] and leading Bharadar during Unification of Nepal. Kshetri do not consume pork like Rajputs which is a basis of cultural difference. People believe he named God Krishna. Blanks mean an unknown value. Another gotra Kashyap came to be from Rishi Kashyap. The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. Another important festival is the Tihar festival Dipavali, a festival of lights lasting five days. They also consult the astrologer to be sure that the couple made a good choice. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. The bottom portions of the houses are painted with red clay, and the top halves are whitewashed. I argue . Caste has been the central feature in Nepal to . Everyone works on the field, but the woman spends more time during the day on housework and in the field. We hope you found this list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal helpful. 1 (Feb., 1987), pp. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. In 1854, early in the period of Rana rule, a National Legal Code (Muluki Ain) was proclaimed that laid out detailed codes for inter-caste behavior and specified punishments for their infringement.[11]. These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. Rajputs and Thakuris are sometimes considered as subcaste of Kshetri while they have distinct cultural difference with mainstream Kshetris. People with the same Gotra are Sagotri in Hindu society. Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. 19.9% of the total district population). Parashar comes from a Hindu scholar in Veda, namely Parashar rishi. Some of these names are shared among Bahuns and Thakuris, indicating a common Khas origin among these higher castes.Examples of occupation-derived surnames are Adhikari ("official"), Khadka ("sword-bearer") and Kunwar ("prince"). of Nepal and a New Constitution A Resource on the Situation of Dalits in Nepal, their Demands and the Implications for a new Constitution Compiled by: United Nations Development Programme Kathmandu, September 2008 UNDP Nepal UN House, Pulchowk G.P.O. Reply. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. Joshua Project may be able to provide more information than what is published on this site. enumerators interviewed 1072 adults from 14 districts of Nepal in March and April of . [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. Friday, March 3 2023 . Khas Brahmins come next with an average income of Rs. of them were women, and 44% were the Brahmins and Chhetri caste. The most disadvantaged and underprivileged caste (Dalit) of Nepal has benefitted the least from maternal health service improvements in the recent years. . [1][12], Hierarchies of Major Caste/Ethnic Groups in Nepal according to Muluki Ain:[17][18], Terai Brahmin (referred in the code as Indian/Desi Brahmin) (no mention of Terai Kshatriya groups), Gurkha clans - Gurung, Magar, Kirat (Rai and Limbu). They are excluded from and considered ritually unclean by the other classes of Hindus. Gurung, H. (2005). Girls help care for the younger children, carry food for the animals, and haul water. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. After all Castes and surnames are Just a form of Identification. Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). He created the Gayatri Mantra. Sometimes, Bhandari Kshetri family of Jaswanta Bhandari was also considered as Kaji Khalak family of the Royal court of Nepal. Tools. Caste System: Theories and Practices in Nepal. This is connected with a few basic concepts in the Hindu religion: the first is dharma, meaning that everyone takes their place in the caste group, has a moral code and a code of conduct binding to him. They do not marry with the members of their whole maternal clan and members of their parents' maternal families as per popular quote. One's caste traditionally determined the person's line of work, . Adhikari, Aidi, Ayer, Bagale, Bogati, Baruwal, Bohara, Balair, Bakheti, Batala, Balayer, Baniya, G.C. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. It describes the folk culture of any caste and particular tribes. We recommend against using %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical to calculate absolute numbers. A lot of youths do not care about things such as caste. The major castes living in Pokhara are Brahmins, Chhetris, Gurungs, Magars and Dalits, mainly following Buddhist and Hindu religions. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. are found . Son of the rishi Atri, Bhardwaj is an honoured sage and among the Sapta Rishis. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=gnJuAAAAMAAJ, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=CVLeCQAAQBAJ, " , ", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kshetri&oldid=8422524, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Basistha surnames are Bhandari, Bhattarai, Suyal, Kharel, Gaire, Mudabhari, Raut, Thangsine, Pathak, Chalise, Gamnage. Rana Jang Pande, the leader of Pande faction, was the Prime Minister of Nepal in 1841 A.D.[25] which might have caused large Pande officers at 1841. With Hinduism embracing 330 million gods, Nepal's capital, Kathmandu, has more temples, houses, and idols than people. If a Brahmin marry Baishya(Mongoloids, Chettri, Newars etc) then the couple automatically considered . The second is karma, or the law of cause and effect it means that the current state of affairs exists as a result of behaviors in the past and in previous lives. They often opposed each other. He had not sufficient money to pursue his goals. 26 million with absent population of 1.9 million and growth rate of 1.35% per annum. " , ": Sewn with hundreds of flowers into one garland called Nepali. [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. There are . Boys usually tend to the animals. There are many different origins of . Dalits and Labour in Nepal: Discrimination and Forced Labour. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). In front of the house and sometimes on the floor of the room inside the house wonderful colorful pictures are created with the help of colorful sand or dyed rice flour, colored beans and flower petals as an invitation to the holy deities to the house. Identification. Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. This page article shows the composition of each proposed federal state in terms of ethnic groups in Nepal, based on 2011 census data. A family dying man takes to the river, all rivers are considered sacred. The man is responsible for the plowing and proper maintenance of the terraces. _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. Note that it is not always true- there are few exceptions. [1] The literacy rate among Chhetris is 72.3% as per 2011 Nepal census. The Newar population of Nepal was estimated to be about 1,250,000 in the early 21st century. Often the relationship is with a person from another village and usually the parents use the intermediary. Order in Paradox: Myth, Ritual and Exchange among Nepal's Tamang, 1989. Kshetris are the second largest Hindu group with Hindu population of 43,65,113 (99.3% of Kshetris) as per the 2011 Nepal census. Am Gai. Dance is completed in Nepal with traditional, classical, and music. ), Khulal, Kshetri, Mahat, Mahatara, Pande/Pandey, Punwar, Pwar, Kunwar, Lama, Rana, Mhyak Rana, Ranabhat, Rayamajhi, Raya, Rathor, Raut, Rawat, Rawal, Rayamajhi, Rokaya/Rokka/Rokaha, Pulami, Silwal, Suyal, Swar, Sauka, Sijapati, Sinjapati, Sakya, Sutar, Saod, Saud, Tandon, Thapa etc. Khas Chhetri: 16.6: 2: Hill Brahmin/Bahun: 12.18: 3: Magar: 7.12: 4: Tharu: 6.56: Why was caste system created in Nepal? Kshetri has hundreds of clans. [1] Among them, the district with largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. Sources mention two hundred eighty-four Khas surnames exist as of today. Gangalal Shrestha (1919-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. In March, the Holi festival takes place, differently Phagu the name comes from the Nepali name of the month Phagun in which people sing, dance and throw each other colorful powder and pour water. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). However, foreign missionaries found it difficult to evangelize because of the strict government laws and scrutiny of foreigners. Little, if any, history of Christianity. Given below is a list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal: Courier/Cargo/Logistics Company in Kathmandu,Nepal, Best Ayurveda Hospitals/Clinics in Kathmandu,Nepal, Chauchau Recipes All You Need To Know About. All first-line cousins are titled with terms intended for siblings. In many cases people get confused in Caste and Gotra. , Transliteration: Maawali ko thar jogaunu, Budamaawaliko ghar jogaunu. The Nepalese caste system broadly borrows the classical Hindu Chaturvarnashram model, consisting of four broad social classes or varna: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Sudra. The Nepalese also cultivate vegetable gardens to feed their families. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha . Most of the Nepalese are farmers. Madhusudan Subedi. according to their caste. There are about 70 castes, Buddhist as well as Hindu, covering approximately the same spectrum as the caste system of India. The restructuring also yielded power to newly formed Malla aristocracy of the Chathariya Shrestha who formed the new powerful aristocratic caste of the Malla kingdom. Since the promulgation of the Muluki Ain (Legal Code) in 1854, the caste categorization in Nepal is taken as the primary organizing principle and the major determinant of social identity. The mothers communities continue to suffer from caste-based were included in the study if . Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages).Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris.Many historians called Kshetris as Decendents Of Magars. If the funeral ritual is not celebrated, the deceased can not go further and instead will haunt the living in the form of an evil spirit. Many people are confused in the two caste "Baniya" and "Bania".Actually, "Baniya" are Chhetri from "Khas" group whereas "Bania" are people of Terai of"Baisha" group. Some of the different castes and the respective dresses worn by them are Bahun, Chhetri, Gutung, Limbu, Magar, Maithili, Newar, Raute, Rai, etc. Upper-caste Newars remain the most over-represented community in terms of socio-political access. Profile. Dhananjaya gotra came from a Hindu Rishi Dhananjaya. It identifies people from a particular group, and it is a broader term which represents themfor example- Shrestha, Basnet, Luitel, Soni and so on. However, people have been disseminating information about the need to change this system. Pray that God will encourage and strengthen the Nepalese who have converted to Christianity. . Brahmin/Bahun: Adhikari. [13], The social structure of the caste-origin Madhesi Hindu groups is complex, reflecting four varna groups with distinct hierarchical structure within them. However, this has not happened yet but we are hopeful. This in turn will make them easier to be preserved since a tradition or a ritual only truly dies when no one remembers it. This greatly exceeds the Kshatriya portion in most regions with predominantly Hindu populations. p. 40. The Caste Hierarchy and the State in Nepal: A Study of the Muluki Ain of 1854, 1979. The groom should be several years older than the bride. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Register Goats, sheep and all variations and forms of them, are fully allowed. Sunil's father KB Chhetri officer retired from the EME Corps of the Indian Army. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. . The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. Thapa is an ancient Paikela (warrior) rank in the medieval Khasa Kingdom of Western Nepal. [5]Kunwars claimed royalty and changed their surname to Rana (meaning: King) from Kunwar (meaning: Prince). Kashyap gotra, kaushik gotra, bhardwaj gotra, kaundinya gotra and more. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. Kshetris are noted for resourcefulness and charity. MOPE (2002). Surnames under this gotra are Dumadi, Rai, Nirbansi, Rayal, Alina, Bhatta. There were 12 Basnyats, 16 Pandes, 6 Thapas and 3 Kunwar officers totalling to 51 Chhetri officers in the year 1841 A.D.[19] The most prominent officers at Shah administration were the Kazis which had control over civil and military functions like a Minister and Military officer combined. As a result of occupational changes, increased education, their own efforts to emulate the upper castes and consolidation of political power, urban Dalits in the Terai have moved up in status. The Rana family also comes from the Chhetri caste which, from 1846 to 1950, filled the ministers stools and occupied its seats there until now. Despite historical persecution, exclusion and cultural encroachment, the indigenous Dhimals still live in 97 Dhimal villages . However, since the unification of Nepal in the 18th century, Nepal's various non-Hindu ethnic nationalities and tribes, previously called "Matwalis" (alcohol-drinkers) and now termed as "Adivasi/Janajati" (indigenous/nationalities), have been incorporated within the caste hierarchy to varying degrees of success. Some are even specific to one specific subcaste of the surname. Though Nepal is a small country, it comprises various types of traditional dance. This is a rather good thing as the caste-specific rituals and traditions will be enjoyed by all, and be spread all over Nepal. This group presents a complicated social structure that not only reflects the model of four Hindu varna categories and the unclean castes outside of it, but it is also clearly divided among the upper and lower Buddhist castes. The Nepalese caste system was the traditional system of social stratification of Nepal. Most houses have two or more stories. Reply. The process of overthrowing the rule of Ministers of Rana and subsequent political activities aimed at democratic or socialist reform was also carried out by members of the Brahman and Chhetrich castes. They have become major decision makers in the bureaucracy of Nepal has become crystal clear. The population of Newars (all castes) is around 5%, but its occupancy in the civil service is more than one-third (33.2%), although vast majority of this share comes from the minority upper-caste segments of the Chathariya and Panchthariya Shrestha Newars. Gotra came into existence from the great Sapta Rishi and their offsprings. Furthermore, many of us have little knowledge about the category of caste we fall into. Tika airi chhetri on March 20, 2022. Brahmin girls were traditionally married at the age of 11, and Chhetrich girls a few years later. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. They also run all the marital rituals. What Is your Surname? Brahmin is the highest Varna in Vedic Hinduism. That's approximately 4.3 percent of the total Indian . Terai and Newar Brahmins and Kshatriyas were officially placed below their Khas equivalents. Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. Also, girls go through puberty rites and boys go through initiations known as "sacred thread ceremonies." That caused Kunwars to rise to power and all Kshetris were thrown of power. Pokhara has become a cultural confluence of more than 80 different ethnic and caste groups ( Adhikari, 2000 ). Amar Singh Thapa based on religious values developed Nishankalika flag after ceremoniously inviting Kalika Bhawani, ancestors, friendly deities and 49 Maruts to reside on the flag. Nowadays, however, the age of marriage to the late teenage period or even twenty-several years has been raised in both caste. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2%; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), . Chhetri belongs to the Indo-Arya which is part of the Kshatriya varna, and speak mainly Nepali. A small proportion of Muslims also live in the city. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." The highest caste was always Brahmins, holding positions of priests and teachers in the Hindu community. There are many different gotras among the Brahmin community in Nepal, and each gotra has its own set of customs and traditions.
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